“On Earth, things like these sometimes form in sediments where microbes are eating organic matter and ‘breathing’ rust and sulfate,” said study coauthor Dr. Michael Tice, a geobiologist and astrobiologist in the department of geology and geophysics at Texas A&M University, in a statement. “Their presence on Mars raises the question: could similar processes have occurred there?”

“It makes a mockery of science,” said Andrew Dessler, a climate researcher at Texas A&M University who helped organize the public comments to push back against the report, citing mistakes in the document and other flaws.

Dr. William C. Welch, professor and extension landscape horticulturist emeritus at Texas A&M University and author of several books on antique roses and heirloom gardening, was also unable to identify the rose when he examined it while visiting the area to speak at a New Orleans Old Garden Rose Society gathering in 2003. He took cuttings from Martin’s home and began growing the flower at his own property before eventually becoming entwined in its broader post-Katrina path.

New World screwworms are the parasitic larva of a metallic blue blow fly species called Cochliomyia hominivorax. Unlike all other blow flies native to the Western Hemisphere, the New World screwworm feeds on the flesh of living animals, rather than dead ones, Dr. Phillip Kaufman, a professor and head of the department of entomology at Texas A&M University, previously told CNN.

New World screwworms are the parasitic larva of a metallic blue blow fly species called Cochliomyia hominivorax. Unlike all other blow flies native to the Western Hemisphere, the New World screwworm feeds on the flesh of living animals, rather than dead ones, said Dr. Phillip Kaufman, a professor and head of the department of entomology at Texas A&M University.

Ali Mostafavi, a civil engineering professor at Texas A&M University, said the disaster showed how efforts to prepare for floods failed to keep pace with the risk in a region that he described as “one of the deadliest flash flood alleys in the nation.” Local warning systems “might have been adequate in the past,” Mostafavi said. “But for the new norm, they are not adequate.”

Trump’s tariffs could unintentionally narrow the gender gap by raising the floor of tariffs on men’s clothing, however, said Lori Taylor, a professor in the department of public service and administration at Texas A&M who studies trade policy.